Disinfector Sanitizer

Disinfector Sanitizer

Disinfectants are chemical agents designed to inactivate or destroy microorganisms on inert surfaces. Which bacteria not kill on any surfaces then physical or chemical process kills all types of life. Disinfectants are generally assumed to be limited to use on surfaces. Air disinfectants are chemical substances capable of disinfecting microorganisms inactive in the air. A perfect disinfectant would also offer complete and full microbiological sterilization, without harming humans and useful form of life. Those that are used indoors should never be mixed with other cleaning products as chemical reactions can occur. The choice of disinfectant to be used depends on the particular situation.

Types:

A)  Alcohols:

Alcohols are most effective when combined with distilled water to facilitate diffusion through the cell membrane; 100% alcohol typically denatures only external membrane proteins. A mixture of 70% ethanol or isopropanol diluted in water is effective against a wide the spectrum of bacteria, though higher concentrations are often needed to disinfect wet surfaces.

B)  Oxidizing agents

1)  Oxidizing agents are oxidizing the cell membrane of microorganisms. Acidic hypochlorite solution made by electrolysis of sodium chloride into sodium hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid.

2)  Hydrogen peroxide is used in hospitals to disinfect surfaces and it is used in solution alone or in combination with other chemicals as a high-level disinfectant. Hydrogen peroxide

        Mostly used on the clean surface an instant.

   3)   Ozone is a gas used for disinfecting water, laundry, foods, air,       and surfaces.

C) Acids and bases:

·         Sodium hydroxide

·         Potassium hydroxide

·         Calcium hydroxide

·         Magnesium hydroxide

·         Sulfurous acid

·         Sulfur dioxide

D) Home Disinfectants:

The best cost-effective home disinfectant is bleach. This is very effective in tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C, Fungi, and antibiotic-resistant strains. The benefits of chlorine bleach include its inexpensive and fast-acting nature.  
   

Hand sanitizer

Hand sanitizer

Hand sanitizer is generally used to decrease infectious agents on the hand. Mostly used to hand wash with soap and water. Hand sanitizer is very effective for killing germs. When Alcohol concentration is below 50% or 40% then this sanitizer is less effective. According to govt. hand sanitizer is more effective when alcohol concentration is more than 70%. Generally non-alcohol-based hand sanitizer is not recommended.

General Uses:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) instructs the public in hand washing. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is recommended only for the viruses. Mostly soap is not available everywhere so hand sanitizers carry everywhere and use it easily.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizer:

1. Apply product to the palm of one hand.

2. Rub hands together.

3. Rub the product over all surfaces of hands and fingers until hands are dry.

4. Do not go near flame or gas burner or any burning object during applying hand sanitizer.

Hand sanitizer is mostly used in hospitals but handling food, playing sports, gardening, and being active outdoors. Similarly, contain heavy metals, and pesticides cannot be removed by hand sanitizers. Developing countries may find it harder to get a hand sanitizer with an effective alcohol concentration.

Health Care:

90% of alcohol rubs are more effective against viruses than other forms of hand washing. Isopropyl alcohol will kill 99.99 % or more of all non-spore forming bacteria in less than 30 seconds, both in the laboratory and on human skin. The use of alcohol gel hand sanitizer reduces to dries skin effect.

Safety:

Alcohol gel and liquid can catch fire easily. So do not touch flame able products. Alcohol is a high concentration in hand sanitizer so keep away from the flame. Hand sanitizer is not drinking liquid.

Face Mask

A face mask won't totally block the coronavirus. But it’s an added layer of protection for you and infected people around you when you use it along with regular hand washing and social distancing measures like staying 6 feet away from others.

A mask protects you against coronavirus.

• Before putting on a mask, clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
• Cover mouth and nose with mask and make sure there are no gaps between your face and the mask.
• Avoid touching the mask while using it; if you do, clean your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
• Replace the mask with a new one as soon as it is damp and do not re-use single-use masks.
• To remove the mask: remove it from behind discard immediately in a closed bin; clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.

how to wear medical masks to protect against coronavirus?

• You only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with COVID-19 still you are healthy.
• You are coughing or sneezing then wears a mask.
• Masks are effective only when used in combination with frequent hand-cleaning with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
• You must know how to use it and dispose of it properly after the use of a mask.

Type of mask

• N95 masks: This type of mask fits tightly around your face. They filter out 95% smallest particles in the air.

• Surgical masks: This type mask is often blue with white borders. They fit loosely across your nose and mouth. These masks shield against the large droplets that come from a sick person's cough or sneeze, but they're too loose to protect against all germs. They can't block the tiniest particles.

• General Mask: This type of mask is generally dust protect the mask. Mostly non-health care persons use it. A cloth face mask won't totally block the coronavirus.

• Triple Layer Mask: This type of mask is mostly safety coronaviruses and other viruses available in the air. That type of mask filter to 2-3 micron in air and infected person.

• Disposable Mask: This type of mask is generally used and throws it but it is used in a proper way because another person does not contact us. 

Standard PPE KIT

                          Standard PPE KIT

A) Components of PPE:

 Components of PPE are goggles, face-shield, mask, gloves, coverall/gowns, headcover, and shoe cover. Each component use is given in the following paragraphs.

B) Face shield and goggles:

Every Person of the eyes, nose and mouth is likely in a scenario of droplets generated by cough, Sneeze of an infected person or during aerosol-generating procedures carried out in a clinical setting. The flexible frame of goggles should provide good seal with the skin of the face, covering the eyes and the surrounding areas.

C) Masks:

Contamination of mucous membranes of the mouth and nose by infective droplets or through a contaminated hand also allows the virus to enter the host.

There are two types of masks which are recommended for various categories of personnel working in hospital or community settings, depending upon the work environment:

1.    Triple-layer medical mask :

A triple layer medical mask is a disposable mask, fluid-resistant; provide protection to the wearer from droplets of infectious material emitted during coughing/sneezing/talking.

2.    N-95 Respirator mask:

Such the mask should have high fluid resistance, good breathability (preferably with an expiratory valve), clearly identifiable internal and external faces, duckbill/cup-shaped structured design that does not collapse against the mouth.

D) Shoe covers:

 Shoe covers should be made up of impermeable fabric to be used overshoes to facilitate personal protection and decontamination.

E) Headcovers:

   Coveralls usually cover the head. Those using gowns should use a headcover that covers the head and neck while providing clinical care for patients.

F) Hand Gloves:

 Hand Gloves should be made up of rubber to be used for hand in clinical care for Patients.